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The emissions of chemical compounds into the atmosphere have caused many environmental
and health problems. Some chemicals, such as chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), are produced
deliberately and end up in the atmosphere by accident from equipment or goods. Others,
such as sulphur dioxide (SO2) and carbon monoxide (CO), are unavoidable by-products of
burning fossil fuels. Urban air pollution, acid rain, contamination by toxic chemicals
(some of them persistent and transported over long distances), depletion of the
stratospheric ozone layer and changes in the global climatic system are all important
environmental threats to ecosystems and human wellbeing.
Assessments of Atmosphere in:
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